Mastectomy is an operation in which all the breast tissue is removed. It is recommended in situations such as multifocal disease, a tumour very large relative to the breast, inability to have radiotherapy, high genetic risk or the patient’s informed choice.
Types of mastectomy
- Skin-sparing mastectomy: the skin of the breast is preserved; the reconstruction looks more natural.
- Nipple-sparing mastectomy: in suitable patients the nipple is preserved too.
- Modified radical mastectomy: done together with underarm surgery when required.
Reconstruction options
The breast can be rebuilt in the same operation (immediate) or later (delayed). Implants/expanders can be used, or the patient’s own tissue. If radiotherapy is needed, the method and timing are planned accordingly.
Recovery
The hospital stay varies with the type of operation. Written instructions are given on drain care, arm exercises and wound care.
Risks and points to be aware of
- Bleeding, infection, seroma and problems with healing of the skin edges can occur.
- With implant reconstruction, firmness around the implant or the need for another operation may develop over time.
- If radiotherapy is needed, the method and timing of reconstruction may change accordingly.
Follow-up and next steps
Drain care, wound care and arm exercises are explained in writing. If reconstruction is staged, later operations are planned with the plastic surgery team.
Contact us without delay if
- Sudden swelling, bruising or colour change at the surgical site
- Fever or discharge from the wound
- One-sided swelling or pain in an arm or leg (possible clot)
Frequently asked questions
Do I have to have reconstruction?
No. Some patients do not want reconstruction, which is a completely valid choice. It can also be done later if you wish.
Is radiotherapy needed after mastectomy?
The decision depends on the features of the tumour and lymph node status; it is not needed in every patient.
